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1984 parliamentary general election in Singapore

1984 Singaporean general election

← 1980 22 December 1984 1988 →
79 seats to the Parliament of Singapore (only 49 contested) 40 seats needed for a majority
Registered	944,624
Turnout	903,499 (95.65%) 0.15pp
First party Second party Third party Leader Lee Kuan Yew J. B. Jeyaretnam Chiam See Tong Party PAP WP SDP Leader's seat Tanjong Pagar SMC Anson SMC Potong Pasir SMC Last election 77.7%, 75 seats 6.2%, 0 seats 1.8%, 0 seats Seats won 77 1 1 Seat change 2 1 1 Popular vote 568,310 110,868 32,102 Percentage 64.83% 12.65% 3.66% Swing 12.83pp 6.43pp 1.89pp
Prime Minister before election Lee Kuan Yew PAP Prime Minister after election Lee Kuan Yew PAP

General elections were held in Singapore on 22 December 1984. President Devan Nair dissolved parliament on 4 December 1984 on the advice of Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. The result was a victory for the People's Action Party, which won 77 of the 79 seats, marking the first time since 1963 that at least one opposition candidate was elected to parliament, although the first presence of opposition was in 1981.

Background [edit]

In his 1983 National Day Rally speech, Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew lamented that declining birth rates and large number of graduate women remaining single or not marrying their intellectual equal could see Singapore's talent pool shrink. The PAP government then proceeded to launch the "Graduate Mothers' Scheme" to entice graduate women with incentives to get married and grant graduate mothers priority in the best schools for their third child.^[1] The proposal was met with anger by the Singapore public (including many female graduates) and the PAP government drew accusations of elitism, and even eugenics. Notably, prominent PAP stalwarts like Deputy Prime Minister S. Rajaratnam and also ex-minister Toh Chin Chye expressed opposition to the proposal.^{[2] [3]}

In March 1984, Health Minister Howe Yoon Chong released a controversial proposal to raise the age for the withdrawal of Central Provident Fund (CPF) savings from 55 to 60 years. At a news conference on 26 March 1984, Howe reasoned that Singaporeans could not depend only on their children in their old age. That suggestion, part of the 54-page report of the Committee on the Problems of the Aged^[4] which he chaired, was eventually dropped. Taking up the suggestions in the report, the Singapore Government subsequently introduced the Minimum Sum scheme. This allows workers to withdraw some of their CPF funds at age 55, setting aside a certain minimum sum which can only be withdrawn at retirement age, currently at 62 years.^{[5] [6]}

These controversial proposals sparked debate and uproar in the Singapore electorate and were said to have contributed to a big dip in PAP's support and its share of votes plunged by 12.9% to below 64.8%, the biggest fall and the lowest for PAP since the 1963 General Election (this remains the largest anti-PAP swing ever in a seriously contested general election as of 2020). In his memoirs, Lee Kuan Yew recalled that the swing against the PAP was larger than what he expected.

New candidates/outgoing incumbents [edit]

Minister of Finance Hon Sui Sen died during his term on 14 October 1983 and his seat of Havelock was vacated, but no by-election was held on the constituency, and announced to be merged into Delta constituency. Tony Tan succeeded Hon as the new Finance Minister.

PM Lee's son Lee Hsien Loong (who went on to become the nation's third (and current) Prime Minister) made his debut in the seat of Teck Ghee, while PAP stalwarts Dr Goh Keng Swee and Ong Pang Boon stepped down. In the only election among several preceding and succeeding ones, the election deposit ($1,500) remained unchanged. The Workers' Party of Singapore (WP) secretary-general J. B. Jeyaretnam successfully retained the Anson constituency with an increased majority, while the Singapore Democratic Party made its first in-road into Parliament with the victory of Chiam See Tong, who would serve the Potong Pasir Single Member Constituency for the next 26 years until 2011; this also began a continuing trend whereas three political parties were represented in Parliament (regardless of status as a NCMP or an elected MP) with the exception of 1986-88 (due to the disqualification of sole-WP candidate J. B. Jeyaretnam in 1986), and 2015-20 (all the nine minimum opposition seats were awarded to a single party of WP, with three being NCMPs).

Non-Constituency Member of Parliament scheme [edit]

A new Non-Constituency Member of Parliament scheme was introduced whereby between three and six seats, the exact number which was decided by the President of Singapore, would be offered to unsuccessful opposition candidates with the best scores and who garner at least 15% of the votes if any one party wins all the seats, subtracting one NCMP seat for every one opposition MP elected. Opposition parties dismissed the scheme for misleading voters into thinking that they could have opposition MPs without voting for them. M.P.D. Nair of WP who contested Jalan Kayu was the first to be offered but declined. The offer was then made to Singapore United Front's Tan Chee Kien who contested Kaki Bukit, who also declined, and no further offers were made.

Timeline [edit]

Date	Event
4 December	Dissolution of the 5th Parliament
12 December	Nomination Day
22 December	Polling day
25 February 1985	Opening of 6th Parliament

Electoral boundaries [edit]

The newer constituencies are those with rapid developments of Ang Mo Kio, Tampines, Jurong East, Bedok & Jurong West (smaller developments), while other constituencies were dissolved, which was reflected in the table:

Constituency	Changes
New Constituencies
Bo Wen	Formed from Ang Mo Kio, Kebun Baru & Yio Chu Kang
Changkat	Formed from Tampines & Kaki Bukit
Eunos	Formed from Kaki Bukit & Tampines
Fengshan	Formed from Bedok, Kampong Chai Chee & Tanah Merah
Hong Kah	Formed from Boon Lay
Teck Ghee	Formed from Ang Mo Kio & Chong Boon
Yuhua	Formed from Boon Lay & Bukit Timah
Defunct Constituencies
Bukit Ho Swee	Absorbed to Tiong Bahru and Kim Seng
Havelock	Absorbed to Delta
Katong	Absorbed to Joo Chiat and Mountbatten

New/Outgoing MP [edit]

Outgoing MPs

New MPs

Retiring Abdul Rahim Ishak (Siglap) Chan Chee Seng (Jalan Besar) Chau Sik Ting (Thomson) Chiang Hai Deng (Ulu Pandan) Chor Yeok Eng (Bukit Timah) Goh Keng Swee (Kreta Ayer) Ho See Beng (Khe Bong) Howe Yoon Chong (Potong Pasir) Hwang Soo Jin (Jalan Kayu) Joseph Francis (Katong)^ Lee Khoon Choy (Braddell Heights) Michael Liew (Boon Teck) Mohammad Kasim Abdul Jabbar (Radin Mas) Mohammad Mansor bin Sukaimi (Kampong Kembangan) P Selvadurai (Kuo Chuan) Rohan Kamis (Telok Blangah) Saidi bin Shariff (Kaki Bukit) Seah Mui Kok (Bukit Ho Swee)^ Sia Kah Hui (Paya Lebar) Deceased Hon Sui Sen (Havelock)^

Abdullah Tarmugi Aline Wong Arthur Beng Chiam See Tong Dixie Tan Goh Choon Kang Heng Chiang Meng Ho Tat Kin Koh Lam Son Lee Boon Yang Lee Hsien Loong Leong Horn Kee Philip Tan Richard Hu S Vasoo Tang Guan Seng Wang Kai Yuen Wong Kan Seng Yatiman Yusof Yeo Cheow Tong Yu-Foo Yee Shoon Zulkifi Mohammad

^Note  : A caret indicates that the constituency was removed and absorbed to other wards.

Results [edit]

Chua Chu Kang SMC United People's Front candidate Teo Kim Hoe who garnered only 196 votes, or 0.81% of the valid votes cast, set a worst-scoring result for any candidates in the history of the election until the 2013 by-election where Desmond Lim surpassed the record with 168 votes or 0.53% of the valid votes;^[7] not counting by-elections, the record has also be broken by independent candidate Samir Salim Neji in the 2015 general election, with 150 votes or 0.60% of the valid votes.

Excluding the 30 uncontested constituencies, the voter turnout was 95.6%, with 63.2% of the total electorate casting their votes.^[8]

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	People's Action Party	568,310	64.83	77	+2
	Workers' Party	110,868	12.65	1	+1
	Singapore United Front	87,237	9.95	0	0
	Singapore Democratic Party	32,102	3.66	1	+1
	United People's Front	27,217	3.10	0	0
	Barisan Sosialis	24,212	2.76	0	0
	Singapore Justice Party	10,906	1.24	0	0
	Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura	4,768	0.54	0	0
	Angkatan Islam	359	0.04	0	New
	Independents	10,586	1.21	0	New
Total		876,565	100.00	79	+4
Valid votes		876,565	97.08
Invalid/blank votes		26,394	2.92
Total votes		902,959	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		1,495,389	95.59
Source: Singapore Elections[a]

By constituency [edit]

Constituency	Electorate	Party	Candidate	Votes	%
Alexandra	19,670	People's Action Party	Tan Soo Khoon	12,172	66.79 / 100
		Workers' Party	John Cruz Corera	6,053	33.21 / 100
Aljunied	19,045	People's Action Party	Chin Harn Tong	Uncontested walkover
Ang Mo Kio	14,633	People's Action Party	Yeo Toon Chia	9,909	72.75 / 100
		United People's Front	Ang Bee Lian	3,711	27.25 / 100
Anson	18,493	Workers' Party	Joshua Benjamin Jeyaratnam	9,909	56.81 / 100
		People's Action Party	Ng Pock Too	7,533	43.19 / 100
Ayer Rajah	20,017	People's Action Party	Tan Cheng Bock	14,050	75.44 / 100
		Singapore Justice Party	Suib bin Abdul Rahman	4,575	24.56 / 100
Bedok	17,074	People's Action Party	Shunmugam Jayakumar	10,972	68.95 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Lee Chin Teck	4,941	31.05 / 100
Bo Wen	14,777	People's Action Party	Sushilan Vasoo	10,299	74.70 / 100
		United People's Front	Shaikh Ahmad bin Shaikh Salim	3,488	25.30 / 100
Boon Lay	18,964	People's Action Party	Goh Chee Wee	12,490	69.65 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Reveendran Sasi	5,443	30.35 / 100
Boon Teck	19,490	People's Action Party	Ho Tat Kin	10,224	56.16 / 100
		Barisan Sosialis	Lee Siew Choh	7,982	43.84 / 100
Braddell Heights	14,152	People's Action Party	Goh Choon Kang	Uncontested walkover
Brickworks	13,571	People's Action Party	Ahmad bin Mohamed Mattar	8,389	66.27 / 100
		Workers' Party	Mohd Taib bin Saffar	4,270	33.73 / 100
Bukit Batok	20,812	People's Action Party	Chai Chong Yii	14,767	78.27 / 100
		United People's Front	Tan Jue Kit	4,099	21.73 / 100
Bukit Merah	19,210	People's Action Party	Lim Chee Onn	Uncontested walkover
Bukit Panjang	23,173	People's Action Party	Lee Yiok Seng	Uncontested walkover
Bukit Timah	17,238	People's Action Party	Wang Kai Yuen	Uncontested walkover
Buona Vista	18,041	People's Action Party	Ang Kok Peng	Uncontested walkover
Cairnhill	15,862	People's Action Party	Wong Kwei Cheong	Uncontested walkover
Changi	20,129	People's Action Party	Teo Chong Tee	12,195	65.75 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Sim Peng Kim	6,353	34.25 / 100
Changkat	18,742	People's Action Party	Aline Wong-Kan Lai Chung	10,310	58.56 / 100
		Singapore Democratic Party	Soon Kia Seng	7,297	41.44 / 100
Cheng San	17,328	People's Action Party	Lee Yock Suan	Uncontested walkover
Chong Boon	20,650	People's Action Party	Rajagopal Sitaram Chandra Das	11,058	56.02 / 100
		Singapore Democratic Party	Ling How Dung	8,681	43.98 / 100
Chua Chu Kang	25,532	People's Action Party	Tang See Chim	13,254	54.84 / 100
		Workers' Party	Chan Keng Sieng	10,720	44.35 / 100
		United People's Front	Teo Kim Hoe (Loses $1,500 deposit)	196	0.81 / 100
Clementi	20,890	People's Action Party	Bernard Chen Tien Lap	Uncontested walkover
Delta	14,800	People's Action Party	Yeo Choo Kok	7,987	58.72 / 100
		Workers' Party	Peter Chua Chwee Huat	5,614	41.28 / 100
Eunos	17,615	People's Action Party	Zulkifli bin Mohammed	10,494	64.81 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Chong Tung Shang	5,697	35.19 / 100
Fengshan	18,407	People's Action Party	Arthur Beng Kian Lam	11,216	65.13 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Chng Chin Siah	6,005	34.87 / 100
Geylang Serai	24,109	People's Action Party	Othman bin Haron Eusofe	14,564	65.57 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Mohamed Mansor bin Abdul Rahman	7,649	34.43 / 100
Geylang West	22,325	People's Action Party	Teh Cheang Wan	13,798	66.83 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Lim Tiong Hock	2,994	34.43 / 100
Henderson	17,630	People's Action Party	Lai Tha Chai	9,695	58.80 / 100
		Workers' Party	Chon Koon Cheong	6,793	41.20 / 100
Hong Kah	22,062	People's Action Party	Yeo Cheow Tong	Uncontested walkover
Jalan Besar	16,115	People's Action Party	Lee Boon Yang	9,236	64.43 / 100
		Workers' Party	Anathan Balakrishnan	5,100	35.57 / 100
Jalan Kayu	25,011	People's Action Party	Heng Chiang Meng	11,985	51.22 / 100
		Workers' Party	Madai Puthan Damodaran Nair[b]	11,414	48.78 / 100
Joo Chiat	18,957	People's Action Party	Yeoh Ghim Seng	Uncontested walkover
Jurong	24,517	People's Action Party	Ho Kah Leong	Uncontested walkover
Kaki Bukit	20,683	People's Action Party	Chew Heng Ching	10,229	52.28 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Tan Chee Kien[c]	9,336	47.72 / 100
Kallang	18,809	People's Action Party	Suppiah Dhanabalan	11,256	64.95 / 100
		Workers' Party	A. L. Sundram	6,075	35.05 / 100
Kampong Chai Chee	22,537	People's Action Party	Andrew Fong Sip Chee	12,125	57.16 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Seow Khee Leng	9,087	42.84 / 100
Kampong Glam	18,127	People's Action Party	Sinnathamby Rajaratnam	Uncontested walkover
Kampong Kembangan	20,295	People's Action Party	Yatiman bin Yusof	10,326	55.71 / 100
		Workers' Party	Mohamed Jufrie bin Mahmood	3,023	35.05 / 100
Kampong Ubi	14,323	People's Action Party	Wan Hussin bin Zoohri	8,378	63.73 / 100
		Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura	Abdul Rahman bin Mohamed Zin	4,768	36.27 / 100
Kebun Baru	17,542	People's Action Party	Lim Boon Heng	12,311	75.84 / 100
		United People's Front	Harbans Singh	3,921	24.16 / 100
Khe Bong	15,773	People's Action Party	Tang Guan Seng	9,221	62.53 / 100
		Barisan Sosialis	Sim Say Chuan	5,525	37.47 / 100
Kim Keat	20,439	People's Action Party	Ong Teng Cheong	Uncontested walkover
Kim Seng	22,136	People's Action Party	Yeo Ning Hong	Uncontested walkover
Kolam Ayer	23,630	People's Action Party	Sidek bin Saniff	12,812	57.91 / 100
		Workers' Party	Royston George Scharenguivel	9,311	42.09 / 100
Kreta Ayer	15,982	People's Action Party	Hu Tsu Tau Richard	11,083	83.17 / 100
		Independent	Lee Mun Hung	2,242	16.83 / 100
Kuo Chuan	18,728	People's Action Party	Wong Kan Seng	11,162	64.55 / 100
		Barisan Sosialis	Sim Chit Giak	6,129	35.45 / 100
Leng Kee	14,805	People's Action Party	Ow Chin Hock	9,190	66.84 / 100
		Workers' Party	George Benjamin Armstrong	4,559	33.16 / 100
MacPherson	19,500	People's Action Party	Chua Sian Chin	Uncontested walkover
Marine Parade	23,622	People's Action Party	Goh Chok Tong	15,228	70.93 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Gertrude Magdeline De Gracias	6,242	29.07 / 100
Moulmein	18,893	People's Action Party	Sia Khoon Seong	Uncontested walkover
Mountbatten	21,480	People's Action Party	Eugene Yap Giau Cheng	16,077	81.32 / 100
		Independent	Tan Ah Teng	3,692	18.68 / 100
Nee Soon	26,897	People's Action Party	Koh Lip Lin	18,444	74.24 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Quek Teow Chuan	6,401	25.76 / 100
Pasir Panjang	17,149	People's Action Party	Abbas bin Abu Amin	9,316	59.35 / 100
		Workers' Party	John Gan Eng Guan	6,022	38.36 / 100
		Angkatan Islam Singapura	Mohamad Sani bin Jan(Loses $1,500 deposit)	359	2.29 / 100
Paya Lebar	18,420	People's Action Party	Philip Tan Tee Yong	Uncontested walkover
Potong Pasir	17,915	Singapore Democratic Party	Chiam See Tong	10,128	60.28 / 100
		People's Action Party	Mah Bow Tan	5,509	39.72 / 100
Punggol	24,727	People's Action Party	Ng Kah Ting	14,904	65.09 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Sim Ah Leng	7,995	34.91 / 100
Queenstown	18,084	People's Action Party	Jek Yeun Thong	Uncontested walkover
Radin Mas	19,770	People's Action Party	Chng Hee Kok	9,997	53.78 / 100
		Workers' Party	Wong Hong Toy	8,590	46.22 / 100
River Valley	13,481	People's Action Party	Tay Eng Soon	Uncontested walkover
Rochore	14,164	People's Action Party	Toh Chin Chye	Uncontested walkover
Sembawang	22,326	People's Action Party	Tony Tan Keng Yam	15,948	77.42 / 100
		Independent	Stanley Mariadass	4,652	22.58 / 100
Serangoon Gardens	17,553	People's Action Party	Lau Teik Soon	Uncontested walkover
Siglap	17,090	People's Action Party	Abdullah bin Tarmugi	Uncontested walkover
Tampines	19,656	People's Action Party	Phua Bah Lee	13,163	72.34 / 100
		United People's Front	Kasim bin Ibrahim	5,032	27.66 / 100
Tanah Merah	17,808	People's Action Party	Ibrahim bin Othman	11,093	68.08 / 100
		Singapore United Front	Ng Lep Chong	5,201	31.92 / 100
Tanglin	15,990	People's Action Party	Edmund William Barker	Uncontested walkover
Tanjong Pagar	15,812	People's Action Party	Lee Kuan Yew	Uncontested walkover
Teck Ghee	16,866	People's Action Party	Lee Hsien Loong	12,794	80.38 / 100
		United People's Front	Giam Lai Cheng	3,123	19.62 / 100
Telok Ayer	13,984	People's Action Party	Ong Pang Boon	Uncontested walkover
Telok Blangah	19,550	People's Action Party	Koh Lam Son	10,150	55.02 / 100
		Workers' Party	Rajaratnam Murugason	8,299	44.98 / 100
Thomson	15,271	People's Action Party	Leong Horn Kee	Uncontested walkover
Tiong Bahru	20,091	People's Action Party	Ch'ng Jit Koon	Uncontested walkover
Toa Payoh	14,177	People's Action Party	Eric Cheong Yuen Chee	8,559	65.16 / 100
		Barisan Sosialis	Ng Ho	4,576	34.84 / 100
Ulu Pandan	22,761	People's Action Party	Dixie Tan-Lee Mo Chun	Uncontested walkover
West Coast	28,008	People's Action Party	Wan Soon Bee	19,745	75.72 / 100
		Singapore Justice Party	Muthusamy Ramasamy	6,331	24.28 / 100
Whampoa	18,494	People's Action Party	Augustine Tan Hui Heng	Uncontested walkover
Yio Chu Kang	16,734	People's Action Party	Lau Ping Sum	11,977	76.66 / 100
		United People's Front	Munjeet Singh	3,647	23.34 / 100
Yuhua	16,266	People's Action Party	Yu-Foo Yee Shoon	9,551	61.43 / 100
		Singapore Democratic Party	Lim Ah Yong	5,996	38.57 / 100
Source: ELD

Notes [edit]

1. ^ 550,765 of the 1,495,389 registered voters were in uncontested constitutencies
2. ^ Elected NCMP on 24 December 1984 but rejected to take the seat on 4 January 1985. Seat declared vacant on 4 March 1985.
3. ^ Offered NCMP seat on 8 March 1984 but rejected on 28 March 1984. Declared resigned.

References [edit]

1. ^ "Policies for the bedroom and beyond". Today. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
2. ^ "Policies for the bedroom and beyond". Today. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
3. ^ "Reproductive Rights". AWARE. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
4. ^ Committee on the Problems of the Aged (1984). Problems of the Aged : Report of the Committee on the Problems of the Aged. Singapore: Ministry of Health. ISBN9971-88-022-9.
5. ^ "Former Cabinet Minister Howe Yoon Chong dies at age 84". Channel NewsAsia. 21 August 2007. Retrieved 21 August 2007.
6. ^ "Late Howe Yoon Chong cared deeply for country's development: PM Lee". Channel NewsAsia. 22 August 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2007.
7. ^ Toh, Yong Chuan; Lim, Joyce (January 27, 2013). "SDA scores worst result in post-independence history". AsiaOne . Retrieved March 23, 2013.
8. ^ Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann (15 November 2001). Elections in Asia and the Pacific : A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific. OUP Oxford. p. 255. ISBN978-0-19-924959-6.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Singaporean_general_election

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